第2章 · 第2-1-2题

exercise

📝 题目

2.求下列函数的导数: (1)$y=x^{5}$ ; (2)$y=\sqrt[3]{x}$ ; (3)$y=x \sqrt{x}$ ; (4)$y=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}$ ; (5)$y=\frac{1}{x^{2}}$ ; (6)$y=\frac{\sqrt[3]{x^{5}}}{\sqrt{x}}$ .

💡 答案与解析

[AI解答]

[AI解答]

以下为各小题的详细求导步骤,使用基本导数公式 $ \frac{d}{dx} x^n = n x^{n-1} $。

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### (1)$ y = x^{5} $

$$ y' = 5x^{5-1} = 5x^{4} $$

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### (2)$ y = \sqrt[3]{x} $

将根式写为幂形式:

$$ y = x^{\frac{1}{3}} $$ $$ y' = \frac{1}{3} x^{\frac{1}{3} - 1} = \frac{1}{3} x^{-\frac{2}{3}} = \frac{1}{3\sqrt[3]{x^{2}}} $$

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### (3)$ y = x \sqrt{x} $

化为幂函数:

$$ y = x \cdot x^{\frac{1}{2}} = x^{\frac{3}{2}} $$ $$ y' = \frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{3}{2} - 1} = \frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2}} = \frac{3}{2} \sqrt{x} $$

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### (4)$ y = \frac{1}{\sqrt{x}} $

写成幂形式:

$$ y = x^{-\frac{1}{2}} $$ $$ y' = -\frac{1}{2} x^{-\frac{1}{2} - 1} = -\frac{1}{2} x^{-\frac{3}{2}} = -\frac{1}{2x^{\frac{3}{2}}} $$

也可写作:

$$ y' = -\frac{1}{2x\sqrt{x}} $$

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### (5)$ y = \frac{1}{x^{2}} $

$$ y = x^{-2} $$ $$ y' = -2 x^{-3} = -\frac{2}{x^{3}} $$

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### (6)$ y = \frac{\sqrt[3]{x^{5}}}{\sqrt{x}} $

先化为幂形式:

$$ \sqrt[3]{x^{5}} = x^{\frac{5}{3}}, \quad \sqrt{x} = x^{\frac{1}{2}} $$ $$ y = \frac{x^{\frac{5}{3}}}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} = x^{\frac{5}{3} - \frac{1}{2}} = x^{\frac{10}{6} - \frac{3}{6}} = x^{\frac{7}{6}} $$ 求导:

$$ y' = \frac{7}{6} x^{\frac{7}{6} - 1} = \frac{7}{6} x^{\frac{1}{6}} = \frac{7}{6} \sqrt[6]{x} $$

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最终答案汇总:

1. $5x^{4}$ 2. $\frac{1}{3\sqrt[3]{x^{2}}}$ 3. $\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{x}$ 4. $-\frac{1}{2x^{\frac{3}{2}}}$ 5. $-\frac{2}{x^{3}}$ 6. $\frac{7}{6}\sqrt[6]{x}$