第4章 · 第4-3-13题

exercise

📝 题目

13. $\displaystyle{\int} \ln ^{2} x \mathrm{~d} x$ .

💡 答案与解析

[AI解答]

[AI解答] 我们要求解不定积分: $$ \int \ln^{2} x \, \mathrm{d}x $$

**步骤1:使用分部积分法** 设 $$ u = \ln^{2} x, \quad \mathrm{d}v = \mathrm{d}x $$ 则 $$ \mathrm{d}u = 2 \ln x \cdot \frac{1}{x} \, \mathrm{d}x = \frac{2 \ln x}{x} \, \mathrm{d}x, \quad v = x $$

分部积分公式: $$ \int u \, \mathrm{d}v = uv - \int v \, \mathrm{d}u $$ 代入得: $$ \int \ln^{2} x \, \mathrm{d}x = x \ln^{2} x - \int x \cdot \frac{2 \ln x}{x} \, \mathrm{d}x = x \ln^{2} x - 2 \int \ln x \, \mathrm{d}x $$

**步骤2:再求 $\int \ln x \, \mathrm{d}x$** 同样用分部积分: 设 $$ u = \ln x, \quad \mathrm{d}v = \mathrm{d}x $$ 则 $$ \mathrm{d}u = \frac{1}{x} \, \mathrm{d}x, \quad v = x $$ 所以 $$ \int \ln x \, \mathrm{d}x = x \ln x - \int x \cdot \frac{1}{x} \, \mathrm{d}x = x \ln x - \int 1 \, \mathrm{d}x = x \ln x - x + C $$

**步骤3:代回原式** $$ \int \ln^{2} x \, \mathrm{d}x = x \ln^{2} x - 2 \left( x \ln x - x \right) + C $$ 化简得: $$ \int \ln^{2} x \, \mathrm{d}x = x \ln^{2} x - 2x \ln x + 2x + C $$

因此最终结果为: $$ \boxed{x \ln^{2} x - 2x \ln x + 2x + C} $$

难度:★☆☆☆☆