同济高数 第9章 第9-2-8题
📝 题目
8.设 $f(x, y, z)=x y^{2}+y z^{2}+z x^{2}$ ,求 $f_{x x}(0,0,1), f_{x z}(1,0,2), f_{y z}(0,-1,0)$ 及 $f_{z x x}(2,0,1)$ .
💡 答案解析
[AI解答]
[AI解答]
已知函数
$$
f(x, y, z) = x y^{2} + y z^{2} + z x^{2}.
$$
我们依次计算各阶偏导数,再代入指定点。
**第一步:计算 $ f_{xx}(0,0,1) $**
先对 $x$ 求一阶偏导:
$$
f_x = \frac{\partial}{\partial x} \left( x y^{2} + y z^{2} + z x^{2} \right) = y^{2} + 2z x.
$$
再对 $x$ 求二阶偏导:
$$
f_{xx} = \frac{\partial}{\partial x} \left( y^{2} + 2z x \right) = 2z.
$$
代入点 $(0,0,1)$:
$$
f_{xx}(0,0,1) = 2 \cdot 1 = 2.
$$
**第二步:计算 $ f_{xz}(1,0,2) $**
由上面已得 $ f_x = y^{2} + 2z x $,再对 $z$ 求偏导:
$$
f_{xz} = \frac{\partial}{\partial z} \left( y^{2} + 2z x \right) = 2x.
$$
代入点 $(1,0,2)$:
$$
f_{xz}(1,0,2) = 2 \cdot 1 = 2.
$$
**第三步:计算 $ f_{yz}(0,-1,0) $**
先对 $y$ 求一阶偏导:
$$
f_y = \frac{\partial}{\partial y} \left( x y^{2} + y z^{2} + z x^{2} \right) = 2x y + z^{2}.
$$
再对 $z$ 求偏导:
$$
f_{yz} = \frac{\partial}{\partial z} \left( 2x y + z^{2} \right) = 2z.
$$
代入点 $(0,-1,0)$:
$$
f_{yz}(0,-1,0) = 2 \cdot 0 = 0.
$$
**第四步:计算 $ f_{zxx}(2,0,1) $**
先对 $z$ 求一阶偏导:
$$
f_z = \frac{\partial}{\partial z} \left( x y^{2} + y z^{2} + z x^{2} \right) = 2y z + x^{2}.
$$
再对 $x$ 求偏导:
$$
f_{zx} = \frac{\partial}{\partial x} \left( 2y z + x^{2} \right) = 2x.
$$
再对 $x$ 求一次偏导:
$$
f_{zxx} = \frac{\partial}{\partial x} (2x) = 2.
$$
该结果与点无关,因此
$$
f_{zxx}(2,0,1) = 2.
$$
最终结果:
$$
\boxed{2},\quad \boxed{2},\quad \boxed{0},\quad \boxed{2}.
$$
难度:★☆☆☆☆